ISSN: 2226-6348
Open access
The implementation of Profesional Learning Community (PLC) among secondary school teachers can enhance school capacity and excellence. To assess the execution of PLC, a reliable and valid instrument is necessary. This study aims to examine the validity, reliability and EFA of an instrument designed to evaluate the implementation of PLC. A well-designed instrument, which was distributed to 69 secondary school teachers in the form of a questionnaire for measuring the key components of PLC implementation and providing reliable data for research and assessment purposes. The Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) Evaluation Model, established by Daniel Stufflebeam, served as the foundation for the instrument. The content validity of the instrument was examined by experts, while the construct validity was assessed using internal consistency reliability or Cronbach Alpha. The pilot study findings suggest that the instrument is both reliable and valid, with 87 out of 91 items retained. This instrument provides a new perspective on measuring the implementation of Profesional Learning Community, especially in the school context.
Bahagian Pendidikan Guru. (2012). Pelan Pembangunan Profesionalisme berterusan (guru dan pemimpin sekolah). Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Blueprint Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013). Diperoleh daripada http://www.moe.gov.my/userfiles/file/PPP/Preliminary-BlueprintExecSummary-
Creswell, J. (2015). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. New York: Pearson.
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Cronbach, L. J. (1963). Course Improvement Through Evaluation. Teacher College Record. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University.
DuFour, R., DuFour, R., & Eaker, R. (2008). Revisiting professional learning communities at work: New sight for improving schools (10th ed.). Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree Press.
Kusaini, E. A. (2018). Tahap Kesediaan Guru Cemerlang Bahasa Melayu Terhadap Pelaksanaan Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional Di Sekolah Menengah Di Negeri Melaka. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu-JPBM, 8(Mei), 63–73.
Yahya, F. (2016). Penilaian Kurikulum Sains Program Ijazah Sarjana Muda Perguruan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor.
Darusalam, G., & Hussin, S. (2018). Metodologi Penyelidikan Dalam Pendidikan: Amalan dan Analisis Kajian.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2013). Multivariate data analysis: Pearson new international edition. Pearson Higher Ed.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson.
Hair, J. F. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hipp, D., & Huffman. (2000). How Leadership Is Shared and Visions Emerge In The Creation Of Learning Communities. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, New Orleans, April.
Hoque, A. S. M. M., Awang, Z., Jusoff, K., Salleh, F., & Muda, H. (2017). Social business efficiency: Instrument development and validation procedure using structural equation modeling. International Business Management, 11(1), 222-231.
Hord, S., & Sommers. (2008). Leading Professional Learning Communities: Voice From Research And Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc.
Hord, S. M., & Sommers, W. A. (2007). Leading professional learning communities: Voices from research and practice. Corwin Press.
Hord, S. M. (2004). Learning together, leading together: Changing schools through professional learning communities. Teachers College Columbia University.
Hord, S. (1997). Professional Learning Communities: Communities of Continuous Inquiry and Improvement. SEDL.
Ismail, S. N., Abdullah, Z., Othman, A. J., & Shafie, S. (2018). Amalan Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional Dalam Kalangan Guru Bahasa Melayu di Selangor. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 5(4), 19.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2014). Pelan Pembangunan Profesionalisme Berterusan (Guru dan Pemimpin Sekolah) Edisi 2014. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15(2), 155-163. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
Shuib, S., & Jumahat, T. (2020). Amalan Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional dan Efikasi Kendiri Guru Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan di Selangor dan Putrajaya. Institusi Aminuddin Baki Cawangan Genting Highlands, Pahang.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach (7th ed.). Wiley & Sons.
Sekaran, U. (2000). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Senge, P. M., Cambron-McCabe, N., Lucas, T., Smith, B., & Dutton, J. (2012). Schools that learn: A fifth discipline fieldbook for educators, parents, and everyone who cares about education. Crown Publishing Group.
Senge, P. M. (1990). The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization. Random House Australia.
Ismail, S. N. (2019). Reka bentuk model komuniti pembelajaran profesional dan pengajaran berkesan guru bahasa melayu Malaysia. Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
Stufflebeam, D. L. (1975). Evaluation as enlightenment for decision-making. In B. R. Worthen & J. R. Sanders (Eds.), Educational Evaluation: Theory and Practice. Charles A Jones Publishing Company.
Stufflebeam, D. L., Folely, W. J., Gephart, W. J., Guba, E. G., Hammond., Merriman, H. O., & Provus, M. M. (1971). Educational Evaluation and Decision Making. F.E. Peacock.
Stufflebeam, D. L., & McKee, H. (2003). The CIPP model for evaluation. Materi presentasi pada konferensi tahunan Oregon Program Evaluators Network (OPEN) tahun 2003.
Stufflebeam, D. L. (2000). Lessons in Contracting for Evaluations. American Journal of Evaluation, 21, 293-314.
Fitzpatrick, J. L., Sanders, J. R., & Worthen, B. R. (2004). Program Evaluation: Alternative Approaches and Practical Guidelines. Pearson Education, Inc.
Awang, Z. (2012). Research Methodology and Data Analysis (2nd ed.). UiTM.
Awang, Z. (2015). A Gentle Approach to Learning Structural Equation Modelling. MPWS Rich Publication.
Zuraidah A. (2016). Komuniti pembelajaran profesional di Malaysia: Amalan penambahbaikan sekolah. Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
Abdullah, Z. (2010). Profil Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional Sekolah Menengah Di Malaysia. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Institute of Educational Leadership, University of Malaya.
In-Text Citation: (Jayaraman & Ghazali, 2023)
To Cite this Article: Jayaraman, T. K. T., & Ghazali, N. H. B. C. M. (2023). Establishing the Validity and Reliability of Professional Learning Community (PLC) Inventory in Educational Sector. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 12(2), 2283–2297.
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode