ISSN: 2225-8329
Open access
This study investigates the importance of academicians' reskilling willingness within higher education institutions, highlighting its critical role in maintaining educational quality and adaptability in a rapidly changing academic landscape. The primary aim of the research is to examine the relationships among organizational support, perceived autonomy, perceived competence, and reskilling willingness, with motivation acting as a mediator. Utilizing a survey methodology, data were collected through purposive sampling from a total of 325 academicians, of which 233 complete responses were deemed suitable for analysis. The data analysis employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the proposed hypotheses. The results revealed significant pathways, with organizational support and perceived autonomy positively influencing motivation and, consequently, reskilling willingness, while the relationship between perceived autonomy and reskilling was notably rejected. This study suggests several future research avenues, including longitudinal studies and qualitative approaches, to deepen the understanding of these dynamics in varied institutional contexts. The implications of the findings underscore the necessity for higher education institutions to foster robust organizational support, enhance faculty autonomy, and build perceived competence to promote a thriving environment for continuous learning. By prioritizing these factors, institutions can effectively empower academicians to embrace reskilling initiatives, ultimately enhancing their resilience and effectiveness in responding to evolving educational demands.
Bandura, A. (2006). Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales. Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents, 5(1), 307-337.
Bharathithasan, S., & Sakthi Srinivasan, K. (2024). Competency Framework. AI-Oriented Competency Framework for Talent Management in the Digital Economy: Models, Technologies, Applications, and Implementation, 109.
Chakraborty, T., & Tripathi, M. (2024). Upskilling Among Future Employees. Revitalizing Student Skills for Workforce Preparation, 37.
Chen, X., Liu, F., Chen, X., & Zeng, J. (2024). Work-Life Balance Experiences of Business Process Outsourcing Employees in a Remote Work-Set Up. Journal of Business and Management Studies, 6(1), 55-96.
Chopra, A., & Soni, P. S. (2025). Navigating the Digital Workforce Shifts: Social Implications of AI on Employment and CSR Strategies for Reskilling. In Corporate Social Responsibility Approaches to Ethical AI in Business (pp. 27-58). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155–159. doi:10.1037/0033- 2909.112.1.155
Cramarenco, R. E., Burc?-Voicu, M. I., & Dabija, D. C. (2023). The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on employees’ skills and well-being in global labor markets: A systematic review. Oeconomia Copernicana, 14(3), 731-767.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. DOI: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Self-determination theory: A macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health. Canadian psychology/Psychologie canadienne, 49(3), 182.
Dogra, P., & Parrey, A. H. (2024). E-work self-efficacy and innovative behaviour: a moderated mediation analysis. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 46(7), 1483-1508.
Gobniece, Z., & Titko, J. (2024). Staff Competencies for Digital Transformation: Results of Bibliometric Analysis. Virtual Economics, 7(1), 25-46.
Habraken, M., Stepman, M., & Lenaerts, K. (2023). I-SKILL National Policy Brief Flanders (Belgium). Deliverable 3.2.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (3 ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hair, J.F., M. Sarstedt, C.M. Ringle, and S.P. Gudergan. (2018). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. Thousand Oakes, CA: Sage Publications
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., and Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1): 115-135.
Intaratat, K., Osman, Z., Nguyen, H. A. T., Suhandoko, A. D. J., & Sultana, N. (2024). Peer and tutor interaction effects on collaborative learning: The role of learning self-efficacy. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 8(4), 2108-2121.
Jo, H., & Shin, D. (2025). The impact of recognition, fairness, and leadership on employee outcomes: A large-scale multi-group analysis. PloS one, 20(1), e0312951.
Kangalakova, D., Satpayeva, Z., Nurkenova, M., & Suleimenova, A. (2024). PuBLIC MANAGEMENT OF SCIENTISTS’POTENTIAL AS A SOuRCE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS. Management, 22(3), 593-605.
Kaur, K., Kaur, J., & Singh, R. (2024). Re-engineering education and training: Fostering digitalization for sustainability. In Digital Analytics Applications for Sustainable Training and Education (pp. 191-209). Apple Academic Press.
Kebah, M., Raju, V., & Osman, Z. (2019). Growth of online purchase in Saudi Arabia retail industry. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(3), 869-872.. ISSN: 2277-3878
Kebah, M., Raju, V., & Osman, Z. (2019). Online purchasing trend in the retail industry in Saudi. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(3), 865-868. ISSN: 2277-3878
Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11(4), 1-10.
Kock, N., & Lynn, G.S. (2012). Lateral collinearity and misleading results in variance-based SEM: An illustration and recommendations. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 13(7), 546-580.
Lee, A. N., Cai, V., Nie, Y., Ong, L., Phua, C. T., Mohd, A., ... & Yang, S. (2024). Perceived Workplace Learning Support and Its Relationship with Motivation to Transfer Training, Training Transfer and Readiness to Change: Evidence from a Sample of Singapore Working Adults. In Future-oriented Learning and Skills Development for Employability: Insights from Singapore and Some Asia-Pacific Contexts (pp. 265-282). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Li, X. T., Rahman, A., Connie, G., & Osman, Z. (2020). Examining customers' perception of electronic shopping mall's e-service quality. International Journal of Services, Economics and Management, 11(4), 329-346.
Liengaard, B. D., Sharma, P. N., Hult, G. T. M., Jensen, M. B., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., & Ringle, C. M. (2021). Prediction: Coveted, Yet Forsaken? Introducing a Cross-validated Predictive Ability Test in Partial Least Squares Path Modeling. Decision Sciences, 52(2), 362-392.
Low, M. P., Wut, T. M., Lau, T. C., & Tong, W. (2025). The interplay of self-efficacy, artificial intelligence literacy and lifelong learning for career resilience among older employees: a comparison study between China and Malaysia. Current Psychology, 1-18.
Lu, L., Cai, R., & Gursoy, D. (2019). Developing and validating a service robot integration willingness scale. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 80, 36-51.
Lundquist, Janerik, Keelin Leahy, Oona Kiviluoto, Gultekin Cakmakci, Meruyert Serik, Ainur Zhumadillaeva, Gaukhar Omashova, Lyazzat Zhaidakbayeva, Saltanat Adikanova, and Ainagul Kadyrova. "STEM Project Handbook: The STEM best practices in the EU and Partner countries." (2023).
McPherson, A., & Lampert, J. (2024). An analysis of Australian teacher workforce policy: Challenges and opportunities for teacher recruitment and retention. Policy Futures in Education, 14782103241283106.
Mohamad, L., & Osman, Z. (2025). INTENTION TO ADOPT INNOVATION CULTURE AMONG EMPLOYEES IN ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 26(1), 122-133. ISSN: 1302-6488
Mofu, Y. Y., Noch, M. Y., & Khotimah, K. (2024). The Influence of Motivation, Training, Work Environment and Compensation on Employee Performance. Advances: Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis, 2(4), 113-126.
Nguyen, H.A.T., Osman, Z., Serrano, J., Suhandoko, A.D.J. & Intaratat, K. (2025) Determinants of environmental awareness toward the green living behaviour of students: the role of family, university and social environmental factors in Hanoi, Vietnam. Environmental & Socio-economic Studies, 2025, Sciendo, vol. 13 no. 1, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.2478/environ-2025-0001
OMAROVA¹, A. I. N. U. R. A., Kurmangaliyeva, L., Yerzhanova, S., Kuttybaeva, N., Abdikarimova, A., & Jazykbayeva, B. (2023). Development Prospects Labor Income of the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Economic Efficiency and Priorities of Regulation. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 19(2), 21-32.
Osman, Z., Mohamad, W., Mohamad, R. K., Mohamad, L., & Sulaiman, T. F. T. (2018). Enhancing students’ academic performance in Malaysian online distance learning institutions. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 33, 19-28.
Patre, S., Chakraborty, D., Kar, A. K., Singu, H. B., & Tiwari, D. A. (2023). The role of enablers and barriers in the upskilling and reskilling of users through professional skilling programs on EdTech platforms. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management.
Rakhmetullina, S., Konurbayeva, Z., Surova, D., & Sizov, M. (2024). THIRD MISSION OF THE UNIVERSITY: VISION, STRUCTURE, EXPERIENCE. ??????-????????????? ??????" ?????? ????? ??????????", 48(4).
Ratanawaraha, A. (2023). Collaboration opportunities for science, technology and innovation in Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Thailand and Viet Nam.
Ringle, C.M., and M. Sarstedt. (2016). Gain more insight from your PLS-SEM results: The importance-performance map analysis. Industrial Management & Data Systems. 116: 1865–1886.
Ringle, Christian M., Wende, Sven, & Becker, Jan-Michael. (2022). SmartPLS 4. Oststeinbek: SmartPLS. Retrieved from https://www.smartpls.com
Shmueli, G., M. Sarstedt, J.F. Hair, J.-H. Cheah, H. Ting, S. Vaithilingam, and C.M. Ringle. (2019). Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: Guidelines for using PLSpredict. European Journal of Marketing. 53: 2322–2347.
Shmueli, G., S. Ray, J.M. Velasquez Estrada, and S.B. Chatla. (2016). The elephant in the room: predictive performance of PLS models. Journal of Business Research, 69: 4552–4564.
Shore, L. M., & Tetrick, L. E. (1991). A construct validity study of the survey of perceived organizational support. Journal of applied psychology, 76(5), 637.
Smith, C., & Kálmán, A. (2023, November). How can continuing engineering education approaches meet societal and industry needs for future-focused, lifelong learning skills and competences? In SEFI Annual Conference 2023: Engineering Education for Sustainability (pp. 3255-3261). European Society for Engineering Education (SEFI).
Tajudeen, F. P., Moghavvemi, S., Thirumoorthi, T., Phoong, S. W., & Bahri, E. N. B. A. (2025). Digital Transformation of Malaysian Small and Medium Enterprises. Emerald Group Publishing.
Talent, E. C. (2023). Fulfilling Gen Z’s Needs and Expectations in Industry 4.0. Handbook of Research on Sustainable Career Ecosystems for University Students and Graduates, 258.
Wach, K., Duong, C. D., Ejdys, J., Kazlauskait?, R., Korzynski, P., Mazurek, G., ... & Ziemba, E. (2023). The dark side of generative artificial intelligence: A critical analysis of controversies and risks of ChatGPT. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 11(2), 7-30.
Wach, K., Duong, C. D., Ejdys, J., Kazlauskait?, R., Korzynski, P., Mazurek, G., ... & Ziemba, E. (2023). The dark side of generative artificial intelligence: A critical analysis of controversies and risks of ChatGPT. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 11(2), 7-30.
Wang, Z., Zhang, A., Li, H. C., Yin, Y., Chen, W., Lam, C. T., ... & Pun, S. H. (2025). DFE: Deep Flow Embedding for Robust Network Traffic Classification. IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering.
Zou, H., Ullah, A., Qazi, Z., Naeem, A., & Rehan, S. (2023). Impact of micro-credential learning on students' perceived employability: the mediating role of human capital. International Journal of Educational Management.
Osman, Z., Razak, N. S. A., Alwi, N. H., & Husin, S. A. (2025). The Role of Organizational Support, Autonomy, and Competence in Academicians’ Reskilling Willingness. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 15(3), 443–459.
Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode