Journal Screenshot

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

Open Access Journal

ISSN: 2222-6990

Mapping a Decade of Work Engagement Research within the Job Demands-Resources Model: A Bibliometric Analysis (2015–2025)

Sumathi Visualingom, Siew Imm Ng, Jo Ann Ho

http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v16-i5/28238

Open access

This study aims to systematically map the research landscape of work engagement within the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model from 2015 to 2025, employing established bibliometric techniques. The study analyzed 769 articles published in the Scopus database to identify publication trends, leading authors, influential countries and main research domains through performance analysis. It also used VOSviewer for keyword co-occurrence and co-citation analyses to reveal the dominant research themes. The results demonstrate a steady increase in research related to work engagement within the JD-R model. Influential authors and countries have significantly contributed to the development of this field, and the main research domains have been identified. A keyword co-occurrence analysis highlights key concepts such as work engagement, burnout, job stress, and job satisfaction. Additionally, emerging themes include job crafting and social support. Furthermore, a co-citation analysis reveals several meaningful clusters that reflect the theoretical foundations, methodological progress, and contemporary extensions of the JD-R model. This research offers a comprehensive overview of the intellectual structure and thematic evolution of work engagement studies within the JD-R model, providing insights into current trends and future research directions.

Agarwal, U. A., Datta, S., Blake-Beard, S., & Bhargava, S. (2012). Linking LMX, innovative work behavior and turnover intentions: The mediating role of work engagement. Career Development International, 17(3), 208–230. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431211241063
Alarcon, G. M. (2011). A meta-analysis of burnout with job demands, resources, and attitudes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 549–562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.03.007
Albrecht, S. L., Bakker, A. B., Gruman, J. A., Macey, W. H., & Saks, A. M. (2015). Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(1), 7–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-08-2014-0042
Anderson, J. C., Kellogg, J. L., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach. In Psychological Bulletin (Vol. 103, Number 3).
Awasthi, A., Khan, F. S., Mazhar, S. S., Dipti, Singh, A., & Khan, H. (2025). Emerging Trends in Employee Engagement Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of Published Articles. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope, 6(1), 8–21. https://doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2025.v06i01.02681
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of Structural Equation Models. Journal of Marketing Science, 16(1).
Bailey, C., Madden, A., Alfes, K., & Fletcher, L. (2017). The Meaning, Antecedents and Outcomes of Employee Engagement: A Narrative Synthesis. International Journal of Management Reviews, 19(1), 31–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12077
Bakker, A. B. (2011). An Evidence-Based Model of Work Engagement. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411414534
Bakker, A. B. (2015). A Job Demands-Resources Approach to Public Service Motivation. Public Administration Review, 75(5), 723–732. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12388
Bakker, A. B. (2017). Strategic and proactive approaches to work engagement. Organizational Dynamics, 46(2), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.04.002
Bakker, A. B., & Albrecht, S. (2018). Work engagement: current trends. In Career Development International (Vol. 23, Number 1, pp. 4–11). Emerald Group Holdings Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-11-2017-0207
Bakker, A. B., Albrecht, S. L., & Leiter, M. P. (2011). Key questions regarding work engagement. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 4–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2010.485352
Bakker, A. B., & Bal, P. M. (2010). Weekly work engagement and performance: A study among starting teachers. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(1), 189–206. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317909X402596
Bakker, A. B., & de Vries, J. D. (2021). Job Demands–Resources theory and self-regulation: new explanations and remedies for job burnout. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 34(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2020.1797695
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands-Resources model: State of the art. In Journal of Managerial Psychology (Vol. 22, Number 3, pp. 309–328). https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands-resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2024). Job demands–resources theory: Frequently asked questions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 29(3), 188–200. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000376
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., de Boer, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2003). Job demand and job resources as predictors of absence duration and frequency. In Journal of Vocational Behavior (Vol. 62, Number 2, pp. 341–356). Academic Press Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00030-1
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Euwema, M. C. (2005). Job resources buffer the impact of job demands on burnout. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 10(2), 170–180. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.10.2.170
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. (2023). Job Demands–Resources Theory: Ten Years Later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10(1), 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053933
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., Taris, T. W., Schaufeli, W. B., & Schreurs, P. J. G. (2003). A multigroup analysis of the job demands-resources model in four home care organizations. International Journal of Stress Management, 10(1), 16–38. https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.10.1.16
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands?resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management, 43(1), 83–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20004
Bakker, A. B., Hakanen, J. J., Demerouti, E., & Xanthopoulou, D. (2007). Job resources boost work engagement, particularly when job demands are high. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99(2), 274–284. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.99.2.274
Bakker, A. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2010). Work Engagement: A Handbook of Essential Theory and Research (A. B. Bakker & M. P. Leiter, Eds.; 1st edition). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203853047
Bakker, A. B., & Sanz-Vergel, A. I. (2013). Weekly work engagement and flourishing: The role of hindrance and challenge job demands. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 397–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.06.008
Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Taris, T. W. (2008). Work engagement: An emerging concept in occupational health psychology. Work and Stress, 22(3), 187–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370802393649
Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65(10), 1359–1378. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726712453471
Borst, R. T., Kruyen, P. M., & Lako, C. J. (2019). Exploring the Job Demands–Resources Model of Work Engagement in Government: Bringing in a Psychological Perspective. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 39(3), 372–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X17729870
Balducci, C., Fraccaroli, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2010). Psychometric Properties of the Italian Version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26(2), 143–149. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000020
Chigori, D. T. (2024). Worker well-being in the digital economy: Lens through bibliometrics analysis. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 22. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v22i0.2773
Demerouti, E., Nachreiner, F., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499
Engidaw, A. E., Zou, W., Ning, J., Francesco, G., & Hanchen, J. (2025). Perusing the Contemporary Tendencies in Employees’ Job Performance Studies: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends, 2013–2023. In SAGE Open (Vol. 15, Number 1). SAGE Publications Inc. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251321357
Galanakis, M. D., & Tsitouri, E. (2022). Positive psychology in the working environment. Job demands-resources theory, work engagement and burnout: A systematic literature review. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1022102
Han, Y., Yang, Y., & Mohamed, R. (2023). A bibliometric analysis of work engagement in the hospitality and tourism industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(5), 1946–1966. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-06-2022-0235
Hoang, A.-D. (2025). Evaluating Bibliometrics Reviews: A Practical Guide for Peer Review and Critical Reading. Evaluation Review, 49(6), 1074–1102. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841X251336839
Ki?i, N. (2023). Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Global Research on Employee Engagement. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310196
Kohnen, D., De Witte, H., Schaufeli, W. B., Dello, S., Bruyneel, L., Aiken, L. H., & Sermeus, W. (2026). Key drivers of nurse burnout and work engagement in Europe: A cross-sectional dominance analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 173, 105251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2025.105251
Koroglu, ?., & Ozmen, O. (2022). The mediating effect of work engagement on innovative work behavior and the role of psychological well-being in the job demands–resources (JD-R) model. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 14(1), 124–144. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-09-2020-0326
Lee, Y., & Eissenstat, S. H. J. (2018). An application of work engagement in the job demands–resources model to career development: Assessing gender differences. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 29(2), 143–161. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21310
Lesener, T., Gusy, B., & Wolter, C. (2019). The job demands-resources model: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies. Work & Stress, 33(1), 76–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2018.1529065
Li, M., Liu, Y., Ma, E., & Zhang, X. (2025). Igniting doctoral students’ work engagement: the roles of managing up atmosphere and work passion within their research groups from a job demands-resources perspective. Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-025-01479-z
Liang, Y., Wu, T., Zhang, Z., & Wang, Y. (2024). A Systematic Review of Thriving at Work: A Bibliometric Analysis and Organizational Research Agenda. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 62(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12419
Lozano, S., Calzada-Infante, L., Adenso-Díaz, B., & García, S. (2019). Complex network analysis of keywords co-occurrence in the recent efficiency analysis literature. Scientometrics, 120(2), 609–629. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03132-w
Mazzetti, G., Robledo, E., Vignoli, M., Topa, G., Guglielmi, D., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2023). Work Engagement: A meta-Analysis Using the Job Demands-Resources Model. Psychological Reports, 126(3), 1069–1107. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941211051988
Mer, A., Kumar, V., Verma, V. K., De, T., & Mathew, J. (2024). A review of predictors and outcomes of work engagement in nonprofit organizations. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101083
Park, S., Johnson, K. R., & Chaudhuri, S. (2019). Promoting work engagement in the hotel sector: review and analysis. In Management Research Review (Vol. 42, Number 8, pp. 971–990). Emerald Group Holdings Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-03-2018-0126
Priyono, H. A., Irawanto, D. W., & Suryadi, N. (2022). Job demands-resources, work engagement, and organizational commitment. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 11(1), 117–129. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i1.1546
Rai, A., & Chawla, G. (2022). Exploring the interrelationship among job resources, job demands, work and organizational engagement. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(5), 1916–1934. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-05-2020-0246
Reintjes, C., Kaiser, T., Winter, I., & Bellenberg, G. (2025). Buffer or Boost? The Role of Job Resources in Predicting Teacher Work Engagement and Emotional Exhaustion in Different School Types. Education Sciences, 15(6), 708. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15060708
Rojas-Lamorena, Á. J., Del Barrio-García, S., & Alcántara-Pilar, J. M. (2022). A review of three decades of academic research on brand equity: A bibliometric approach using co-word analysis and bibliographic coupling. Journal of Business Research, 139, 1067–1083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.10.025
Santosa, I. S., Purwanto, E. A., Sumaryono, S., & Utomo, P. P. (2025). Understanding work engagement in public administration: A comprehensive bibliometric and systematic review of the past decade. In Social Sciences and Humanities Open (Vol. 11). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101479
Sengullendi, M. F., & Kurt, E. (2025). A bibliometric overview of job demands-resources theory literature. E+M Ekonomie a Management, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2025-5-024
Van Heerden, J., Du Plessis, M., & Becker, J. R. (2022). Walking the Tightrope of Job Demands and Resources: Leveraging Work Engagement to Counter Turnover Intentions of Information Technology Professionals. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.660308
Wang, Q., Khan, S. N., Sajjad, M., Sarki, I. H., & Yaseen, M. N. (2023). Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Work-Related Strains and Work Engagement among Job Demand–Resource Model and Success. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054454
Wilson, L., Sheridan, L., Alonzo, D., & Middelton, R. (2025). The Personal and Collective Resources of Nurses and the Relationship to Job Commitment and Work Engagement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 81(10), 6893–6906. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16804
Yoo, S., Jang, S., Byun, S. W., & Park, S. (2019). Exploring human resource development research themes: A keyword network analysis. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 30(2), 155–174. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21336

Visualingom, S., Ng, S.-I., & Ho, J.-A. (2026). Mapping a Decade of Work Engagement Research within the Job Demands-Resources Model: A Bibliometric Analysis (2015–2025). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 16(5), 446-462.