The IJ-ARBSS is an interdisciplinary open access blind peer-reviewed refereed journal published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (HRMARS) that publishes significant contributory researches in different fields of social sciences, business and education management. IJ-ARBSS publishes twelve issues per year. IJ-ARBSS publishes original research articles related to Business Management, Human Resource Management, Leadership, Marketing Management, Psychology, Sociology, Education Management, Teacher’s Training, Education Training, MIS (Management Information System), Business Law, Marketing theory and Marketing applications, Business Investment, Business Finance, Public Ethics, Operations Management, Business Research, Organizational Behavior, Business and Economics, Education, Case Studies, Statistics, Industrial Relations, Econometrics, Personnel Relations, Management & Public Policy.
By providing easy access to the insights of Social Sciences & Business Information, case studies, and researches, IJ-ARBSS aims to extend and supplement the knowledge of the scholarly world.
AUTHORS: Nur Liyana Mohd Ibrahim, Mohammad Aziz Shah Mohamed Arip
PAGES: 1-15
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3430
AUTHORS: Irwan Kamaruddin Abdul Kadir, Alwi Mohd Yunus
PAGES: 16-38
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3431
AUTHORS: Irwan Kamaruddin Abdul Kadir, Alwi Mohd Yunus
PAGES: 39-62
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3432
AUTHORS: Upenyu Sakarombe, Namatirai Dziva Marabada
PAGES: 63-73
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3433
AUTHORS: Alwi Mohd Yunus, Irwan Kamaruddin Abdul Kadir
PAGES: 74-101
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3440
AUTHORS: Alwi Mohd Yunus, Irwan Kamaruddin Abdul Kadir
PAGES: 102-126
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3441
AUTHORS: Orajaka Ugochukwu Paul, Okeke Chinedu Prince
PAGES: 127-140
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3445
AUTHORS: Zuraini Anang, Jaharudin Padli, Mahirah Kamaludin, Surrendren Sathasivam
PAGES: 141-152
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3446
AUTHORS: Caner Dincer, Banu Dincer
PAGES: 167-174
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3448
AUTHORS: Benhamou Najat
PAGES: 175-187
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3449
AUTHORS: Hamidreza Radmanesh, Batoul Adelkhah
PAGES: 188-197
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3450
AUTHORS: Azali Bin Rahmat, Mohd Izwan Bin Shahril, Norkhalid Bin Salimin, Mohamad Ali Roshidi Bin Ahmad, Gunathevan a/l Elumalai, Rasyidi Bin Johan, Ali Md Nadzalan
PAGES: 198-203
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3451
AUTHORS: Gervasius Herry Purwoko, Tri Novianto Puji Utomo, Wina Christina
PAGES: 204-209
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3452
AUTHORS: Aqeel Israr, Norashidah Hashim
PAGES: 210-226
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3453
AUTHORS: Banu Dincer, Caner Dincer
PAGES: 227-232
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3454
AUTHORS: Lena Farida Hussain Chin, Mohd Kipli Abdul Rahman
PAGES: 233-245
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3455
AUTHORS: Okolo, Victor O., Okolo, Joachin U., Mmamel Zita U., Okonkwo Raphael V., Obikeze, Chinedum O.
PAGES: 246-264
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3456
AUTHORS: Violetta Ayderova, Wong Huey Yi @ Colleen Wong
PAGES: 265-280
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3457
AUTHORS: Caleb Kiplimo Bett
PAGES: 281-292
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3458
AUTHORS: Nadia Asandimitra, Achmad Kautsar
PAGES: 293-300
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3459
AUTHORS: Muhammad Javed Amjad, Dr. Mumtaz Ali, Alia Shaheen, Irum Sultana, Irfan Nawaz
PAGES: 301-308
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3460
AUTHORS: Arnold Namusonge, Elegwa Mukulu, Samuel Mokaya
PAGES: 309-326
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3461
AUTHORS: Kartinah Ayupp, Hamrila Abdul Latif
PAGES: 327-337
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3462
AUTHORS: Faiq Aziz, Nomahaza Mahadi, Wan Normeza Wan Zakaria, Nozama Mahadi
PAGES: 338-344
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3465
AUTHORS: Shathees Baskaran, Nomahaza Mahadi, Siti Zaleha Abdul Rasid, Adriana Mohd Rizal
PAGES: 345-355
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3466
AUTHORS: Farahida Zulkefli, Syahrizan Syahlan
PAGES: 356-360
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3467
AUTHORS: Mohamad Zarkhuan Zainol, Azmil Hashim, Ahmad Yunus Kasim
PAGES: 361-368
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3468
AUTHORS: Zunaida Zakaria, Abdul Razaq Ahmad, Mohd Mahzan Awang
PAGES: 369-379
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3471
AUTHORS: Iftikhar Ahmad, Sheikh Raheel Manzoor
PAGES: 380-394
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3472
AUTHORS: Nur Juliana Abdul Majid, Merza Abbas
PAGES: 395-406
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3473
AUTHORS: Shasitharan Raman Kutty, Nadarajan Thambu
PAGES: 407-416
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3474
AUTHORS: Mustafa Altun
PAGES: 417-426
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3475
AUTHORS: Mustafa Altun
PAGES: 427-432
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3476
AUTHORS: Kengo Kayaba, Yohei Sato, Junji Sawada, Naoki Ueda
PAGES: 433-440
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3479
AUTHORS: Kudzayi Savious Tarisayi, Ronald Manhibi
PAGES: 441-447
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3480
AUTHORS: Suppiah Nachiappan, Zaharah Osman, Nurulhuda Md Hassan, Norly Jamil, Hashimah Hussien, Mastura Othman, Sandra Suffian, Sandra Suffian
PAGES: 448-461
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3485
AUTHORS: Yohana Jacob Sesabo
PAGES: 462-478
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3486
AUTHORS: Nor Asiah Mahmood, Ng Feng Ling
PAGES: 479-487
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3487
AUTHORS: Roland Attila Csizmazia
PAGES: 488-508
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3488
AUTHORS: Norhisham Abdul Razak, Syed Sofian Syed Salim, Mohammad Nasir Bistamam
PAGES: 509-521
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3490
AUTHORS: Mayya Musaeva, Clare Chan Suet Ching, Christine Augustine, Christine Augustine
PAGES: 522-536
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3493
AUTHORS: Tuan Siti Nuur Fatihah TUAN SOH, Mohd Khairul Amri KAMARUDIN, Hafizan JUAHIR, Muhammad Barzani GASIM, Siti Nor Fazillah ABDULLAH
PAGES: 537-548
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3494
AUTHORS: Nor Hasbiah Ubaidullah, Zulkifley Mohamed, Aslina Saad, Jamilah Hamid, Nazre Abdul Rashid, Mohamadisa Hashim, Saira Banu Omar Khan
PAGES: 549-565
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3495
AUTHORS: Shathees Baskaran, Salahuddin Ahmad Ayob, Ng Chun Howe, Nomahaza Mahadi
PAGES: 566-579
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3496
AUTHORS: Mohammad Nassar, Lina Hani Warrad, Mahmoud Nassar
PAGES: 580-589
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3497
AUTHORS: Dayang Haryani Diana Ag. Damit, Amran Harun, David Martin
PAGES: 590-598
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3498
AUTHORS: Jude Kenechi Onyima, Nkechi Cordelia Ojiagu
PAGES: 599-609
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3501
AUTHORS: Sumathi Maniam Raj, Raja Morgan Veerappan
PAGES: 610-617
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3502
AUTHORS: Ismail Tamer Toklu, Salih Baran
PAGES: 618-632
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3503
AUTHORS: Nizaita Omar, Zulkifly Muda
PAGES: 633-642
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3504
AUTHORS: Wei-Bin Zhang
PAGES: 643-666
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3505
AUTHORS: Muhammad Shahid Iqbal, Masood Ul Hassan, Shumaila Sharif, Ume Habibah
PAGES: 667-688
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3506
AUTHORS: Alia Shaheen, Irfan Nawaz, Rida Akhtar, Shjeeah Javaid, Sidra Matloob
PAGES: 689-703
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3507
AUTHORS: Rael Wahu Gichara
PAGES: 704-715
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3508
AUTHORS: Alhassan Musah
PAGES: 716-730
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3510
AUTHORS: Muhammad Fazli Taib Saearani, Abdul Hamid Chan, Nur Nabila Michael Luang Abdullah
PAGES: 731-737
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3511
AUTHORS: Atikullah Abdullah
PAGES: 738-750
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3512
AUTHORS: Mohamad Fared bin Mohamad Makmor, Mazni binti Saad
PAGES: 751-764
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3513
AUTHORS: Munwar Hussain Pahi, Kamal Ab. Hamid, Nighat Moin
PAGES: 765-775
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3514
AUTHORS: Muhd Nazri Muhamad Noor, Alwi Mohd Yunus, Mohd Ridwan Seman @ Kamarulzaman
PAGES: 787-798
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3517
AUTHORS: Noor Alia Hanim Mohamad Hassan, Alwi Mohd Yunus, Ahmad Nazri Mansor
PAGES: 799-810
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3518
AUTHORS: Nor Ahmad Khamzah, Shamsiah Hussin, Sharifah Rafidah Wan Bagus, Sarah Md. Sah, Alwi Mohd Yunus
PAGES: 811-825
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3519
AUTHORS: Shamsiah Husin, Alwi Mohd Yunus, Ahmad Zam Hariro Samsudin
PAGES: 826-848
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3520
AUTHORS: Hazlin Selamat, Alwi Mohd Yunus
PAGES: 849-862
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3521
AUTHORS: Anuar Mohamamad, Alwi Mohd Yunus
PAGES: 863-877
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3522
AUTHORS: Mardzuki Mazlan, Wan Ab. Kadir Wan Dollah, Zaharuddin Ibrahim, Juwahir Ali
PAGES: 878-897
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3523
AUTHORS: Norhadijah Md Mokhtar
PAGES: 898-907
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3524
AUTHORS: Nur Hafizah Mat Daud, Safawi Abdul Rahman
PAGES: 908-916
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3525
AUTHORS: Norfadilatul Akma Mohd Rafhi, Safawi Abdul Rahman
PAGES: 917-927
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3526
AUTHORS: Zeyad Alkhazali, Rosni Bakar, Mohd Ab. Halim
PAGES: 928-936
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3527
AUTHORS: R. Santos Alimi
PAGES: 937-952
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3534
AUTHORS: Sameer M. Aljabaly, Manar Khamis Alfarsi
PAGES: 953-962
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3535
AUTHORS: Mercy Kwambai, Kipkoech Sammy Kimutai
PAGES: 963-976
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3536
AUTHORS: Lee Kar Wai, Syuhaily Osman
PAGES: 977-989
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3537
AUTHORS: Zulkifley Mohamed, Nor Hasbiah Ubaidullah, Siti Ilyana Mohd Yusof
PAGES: 990-1004
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3538
AUTHORS: Nurul Jannah Mohd Juaini, Mutia Sobihah Abd. Halim, Lukman @ Zawawi Mohamad, Normala Riza, Azlini Chik
PAGES: 1005-1014
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3539
AUTHORS: Enock Gideon Musau, Gregory Namusonge, John Ngeno
PAGES: 1015-1031
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3542
AUTHORS: Enock Gideon Musau, Gregory Namusonge, Elizabeth Nambuswa Makokha, John Ngeno
PAGES: 1032-1046
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3543
AUTHORS: Usman Mika’il Usman, Raja Noriza Raja Ariffin, Azmah Othman
PAGES: 1047-1061
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3544
AUTHORS: Md. Nasir bin Masran, Irdaharu binti Ramli
PAGES: 1062-1070
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3545
AUTHORS: Md. Nasir Masran, Mohd Akmal Faiz Bakar
PAGES: 1071-1081
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3546
AUTHORS: MohdKhatib Nor- Azzatunnisak, AbRahman Roseliza- Murni, Jamiah Manap, Suzana Mohd Hoesni
PAGES: 1082-1099
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3547
AUTHORS: Aszunarni Ayob, Ruhizan M. Yasin
PAGES: 1100-1109
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3548
AUTHORS: Yusuf Haji- Othman, Ibadurrahman Alwi, Mohd Sholeh Sheh Yusuff, Mohd Shahid Azim Mohd Saufi
PAGES: 1110-1116
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3549
AUTHORS: Yusuf Haji- Othman, Mohd Sholeh Sheh Yusuff, Mohd Shahid Azim Mohd Saufi, Siti Hafsha
PAGES: 1117-1127
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3550
AUTHORS: Yusuf Haji- Othman, Wan Nazjmi Mohamed Fisol, Mohd Shahid Azim Mohd Saufi, Muhammad Baqir Abdullah
PAGES: 1128-1135
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3551
AUTHORS: Mohd Sholeh Sheh Yusuff, Yusuf Haji- Othman, Mat Rani Abdul Manaf, Mohamad Hazli Ismail
PAGES: 1136-1149
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3552
AUTHORS: Mohd Reduan Buyung, Haryati Shafii
PAGES: 1150-1162
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3553
AUTHORS: Murni Yusoff
PAGES: 1163-1169
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3554
AUTHORS: Mohd Zamri Husaini, Ahmad Jusoh
PAGES: 1170-1182
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3555
AUTHORS: Mohd Farid Abd Latib, Yusuf Haji- Othman, Mohd Nasir Ahmad, Ridzhal Hasnan
PAGES: 1183-1190
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3556
AUTHORS: Hartini Hashim, Mohd Norawi Ali, Mohd Ali Shamsudin
PAGES: 1191-1199
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3557
AUTHORS: Sariyah Adam, Mohamad Sattar Rasul, Ruhizan Mohamad Yasin, Norhayati Yahaya
PAGES: 1200-1212
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3558
AUTHORS: Nor Hasnida Che Md Ghazali
PAGES: 1213-1224
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3559
AUTHORS: Fairuz, K., Idris, A.G., Syahrizan, S., Mohammad Noor, A.H.
PAGES: 1225-1235
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3560
AUTHORS: Kamarulzaman Kamaruddin, Che Anuar Che Abdullah, Mohd Noor Idris
PAGES: 1236-1248
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3561
AUTHORS: Wong Huey Yi @ Colleen Wong, Christine Augustine
PAGES: 1249-1259
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3562
AUTHORS: Shathees Baskaran, Ng Chun Howe, Nomahaza Mahadi, Salahuddin Ahmad Ayob
PAGES: 1260-1277
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3563
AUTHORS: Yen-Lin Goh, Mohd Hassan bin Abdullah, Wee Hoe Tan
PAGES: 1278-1283
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3564
AUTHORS: Muhammad Riyadh Ghozali Lubis, Noor Al-Huda Abdul Karim, Gan Pei Tha, Norimah Rambeli@ Ramli
PAGES: 1284-1293
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3565
AUTHORS: Nor Ashikin Ab Manan, Zarlina Mohd. Zamari, Indrani A.S. Pillay, Airil Haimi Mohd Adnan, Johana Yusof, Nor Nadia Raslee
PAGES: 1294-1301
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3566
AUTHORS: Ahmad Saiful Azlin Puteh Salin
PAGES: 1302-1320
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3567
AUTHORS: Ahmad Nur Azam Ahmad Ridzuan, Norlida Zakirai@ Zakaria, Erratul Shela Eshak, Munirah Mohd Jidi, Norida Abu Bakar, Nur Faithzah Jamian, Amirudin Mohd Zani
PAGES: 1321-1331
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3568
AUTHORS: Nur Azila Yahya, Rusliza Ahmad, Ini Imaina Abdullah, Nadzri Mohamad, Khairunnisa Mohd Daud
PAGES: 1332-1344
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3572
AUTHORS: Nur Ain Ismail
PAGES: 1345-1355
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3573
AUTHORS: Fatimah Alwi, Nooriha Mansor, Siti Marlia Shamsudin, Amir Hakim Osman, Nik Rusilawati Nik Mustapa
PAGES: 1356-1360
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3574
AUTHORS: Najihan Awang @ Ali, Nurul Husna Jamian, Nik Ruslawati Nik Mustapa, Muhammad Azri Yahya
PAGES: 1361-1371
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3575
AUTHORS: Hazliza Haron, Nur Azlin Abdul Hamid, Jasmalina Jamaludin, Ku Nazirah Ku Azan
PAGES: 1372-1382
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3576
AUTHORS: Hazlina Haron, Siti Zakiah Abu Bakar, Hazliza Haron, Ho Ke Hui
PAGES: 1383-1393
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3577
AUTHORS: Nor Suzila Binti Lop, Kharizam Ismail, Haryati Mohd Isa, Natasha Khalil
PAGES: 1394-1409
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3578
AUTHORS: Noor Azreani Ishak, Nor Marini Mohtar, Izmayani Sa adin, Hazliza Haron
PAGES: 1410-1417
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3579
AUTHORS: Amin Che Ahmat, Che Zarrina Sa ari, Nurul Hidayah Aziz, Shahril Nizam Zulkipli
PAGES: 1418-1433
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3580
AUTHORS: Hairol Anuar Mak Din, Nor Azlili Hassan
PAGES: 1434-1439
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3581
AUTHORS: Nurul Sahida Fauzi, Ashrof Zainuddin, Abdul Hadi Nawawi, Noraini Johari
PAGES: 1440-1448
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3582
AUTHORS: Engku Ahmad Zaki Engku Alwi, Norazmi Anas, Wan Rohani Wan Taib, Mohd. Hudzari Razali, Hartini Mohd. Rosli, Hasni Suhana Mat Hassan, Intan Noorazlina Abdul Rahim
PAGES: 1449-1461
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3583
AUTHORS: Nur Hazwani Zolkifly, Nur Lailatul Husna Mohammad Yusof, Shahrel Nizar Baharom
PAGES: 1462-1472
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3584
AUTHORS: Nurhazirah Azmi, Zaidatul Shakila Mohamad Ashari
PAGES: 1473-1488
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3585