The IJ-ARBSS is an interdisciplinary open access blind peer-reviewed refereed journal published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (HRMARS) that publishes significant contributory researches in different fields of social sciences, business and education management. IJ-ARBSS publishes twelve issues per year. IJ-ARBSS publishes original research articles related to Business Management, Human Resource Management, Leadership, Marketing Management, Psychology, Sociology, Education Management, Teacher’s Training, Education Training, MIS (Management Information System), Business Law, Marketing theory and Marketing applications, Business Investment, Business Finance, Public Ethics, Operations Management, Business Research, Organizational Behavior, Business and Economics, Education, Case Studies, Statistics, Industrial Relations, Econometrics, Personnel Relations, Management & Public Policy.
By providing easy access to the insights of Social Sciences & Business Information, case studies, and researches, IJ-ARBSS aims to extend and supplement the knowledge of the scholarly world.
AUTHORS: Engku Ahmad Zaki Engku Alwi, Nurul Syahida Mat Rodzi, Norazmi Anas, Zarinatun Ilyani Abdul Rahman
PAGES: 1-12
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3586
AUTHORS: Mohd Hasdi Mohamed
PAGES: 13-17
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3587
AUTHORS: Norhayati bt. Aziz @ Esa, Mohd Shaladdin B. Muda, Noor Rohana Bt. Mansor, Mohd Yusri B. Ibrahim
PAGES: 18-24
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3588
AUTHORS: Zuriadah Ismail, Mohd Nazir Md Zabit, Mohamad Ali Roshidi Ahmad, Anuar Sarun, Sharul Effendy Janudin
PAGES: 25-38
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3589
AUTHORS: Najwa Mohd Najid, Ridzwan Che’ Rus, Tee Tze Kiong
PAGES: 39-47
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3590
AUTHORS: Azrin Ibrahim
PAGES: 48-56
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3591
AUTHORS: Harianto II, Mohamed Anwar, Dony Saputra, Rahmat Kartolo, Sutikno ., Rusliana ., Rahmat Saputra
PAGES: 57-60
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3592
AUTHORS: Norlia Mat Norwani, Wan Mohd Nazri Wan Daud, Mahaliza Mansor, Rohaila Yusof
PAGES: 61-76
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3593
AUTHORS: Isnin S.F.
PAGES: 77-90
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3594
AUTHORS: Norazean Miswat, Rosita Tajuddin, Nur’Ain Yusof, Zarina Yusof
PAGES: 91-101
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3595
AUTHORS: Norazelina Awang @ Man, Norsilawati Abdul Razak, Azmil Hashim
PAGES: 102-109
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3596
AUTHORS: Rahayati Ahmad, Syahiza Arsad, Nur Arifah Arifin
PAGES: 110-117
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3597
AUTHORS: Mohd Nazri Abdul Raji, Shahrim Ab. Karim, Farah Adibah Che Ishak, Mohd Mursyid Arshad
PAGES: 118-126
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3598
AUTHORS: Mohd Afandi Abu Bakar, Noormahayu Mohd Nasir, Farrah Dina Abd Razak, Nor Samsinar Kamsi, Abdul Malek A. Tambi
PAGES: 127-138
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3599
AUTHORS: Norsyazlin Mohd Rosli, Dasimah Omar, Nor Eeda Haji Ali
PAGES: 139-152
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3600
AUTHORS: Muhamad Sayuti Mansor, Rahimin Affandi Abdul Rahim, Mohd Anuar Ramli, Muhd Imran Abd Razak, Paiz Hassan
PAGES: 153-164
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3601
AUTHORS: Alia Abdullah Saleh, Abdul Hakim Mohammed
PAGES: 165-173
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3602
AUTHORS: Mohd Farhan Abd Rahman, Nurul Hidayah Aziz, Rohailin Zainon, Nurulhayah Muhamad, Maryam Mohd Esa
PAGES: 174-185
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3603
AUTHORS: Nurul Nadwa Ahmad Zaidi, Muhd Syahir Abdul Rani, Zarinatun Ilyani Abdul Rahman
PAGES: 186-202
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3604
AUTHORS: Nurfarizan Mazhani Mahmud, Naimah Zaini, Maizura Meor Zawawi, Ahmad Saiful Azlin Puteh Salin
PAGES: 203-213
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3605
AUTHORS: Mazlina Jamaludin, Azlizam Aziz, Manohar Mariapan, Evelyn Lim Ain Lin
PAGES: 214-221
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3606
AUTHORS: Nor Bahiyah Omar, Azlan Amran
PAGES: 222-240
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3607
AUTHORS: Nurul Sahida Fauzi, Ashrof Zainuddin, Abdul Hadi Nawawi, Noraini Johari
PAGES: 241-254
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3608
AUTHORS: Intan Shafina Suid, Nor Ashikin Mohd Nor, Hamimi Omar
PAGES: 255-269
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3609
AUTHORS: Annuar Aswan Mohd Noor, Mohd Faizal Mohd Isa, Abdul Razak Abd Manaf
PAGES: 270-283
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3610
AUTHORS: Gan Soh Fuey, Noraini Idris
PAGES: 284-295
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3611
AUTHORS: Norsalawati Wahid, Suraya Bahrum, Md Nasir Ibrahim, Hema Zulaika Hashim
PAGES: 296-303
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3612
AUTHORS: Nurhafizah Zainal, Dahlia Zawawi, Yuhanis Abdul Aziz, Mass Hareeza Ali
PAGES: 304-315
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3613
AUTHORS: Nur Nazuha Beevi Abdul Aziz, Nordin Mamat
PAGES: 316-326
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3614
AUTHORS: Arasinah Kamis, Ridzwan Che Rus, Mohd Bekri Rahim, Faizal Amin Nur Yunus, Normah Zakaria, Haryanti Mohd Affandi
PAGES: 327-345
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3615
AUTHORS: Nursyazwani Mohd Fuzi, Nurul Fadly Habidin, Sharul Effendy Janudin, Sharon Yong Yee Ong
PAGES: 346-350
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3616
AUTHORS: Tugba Dilek Kayabas, Guliz Boyraz, Rukiye Derdiyok
PAGES: 351-358
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3617
AUTHORS: Nilufer Ruzgar, Beliz Ulgen
PAGES: 359-378
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3618
AUTHORS: Syed Sofian Syed Salim, Mohammad Aziz Shah Mohd Arip, Muhammad Bazlan Mustafa, Mohd Hanafi Mohd Yasin
PAGES: 379-393
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3619
AUTHORS: Mastura Ismail, Norhayati Hussin
PAGES: 394-404
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3620
AUTHORS: Muhammad Syamil Iman Mohd Zain, Safawi Abdul Rahman
PAGES: 405-412
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3621
AUTHORS: Nur Hafizah Mat Daud, Safawi Abdul Rahman
PAGES: 413-421
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3622
AUTHORS: Siti Hajar Mohd Mokhtar, Safawi Abdul Rahman
PAGES: 422-428
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3623
AUTHORS: Nor Athirah Azemi, Hazlifah Zaidi, Norhayati Hussin
PAGES: 429-437
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3624
AUTHORS: Siti Fatimah Abd Hamid, Nurliani Abu Bakar, Norhayati Hussin
PAGES: 438-444
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3625
AUTHORS: Nur Muni Edrina Abdul Munin, Halida Yu
PAGES: 445-460
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3626
AUTHORS: Maisarah Abdul Rahman, Mohd Alwi Yunus, Irwan Kamaruddin Abdul Kadir
PAGES: 461-470
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3627
AUTHORS: Mohd Arif Fahmi Bidin, Alwi Mohd Yunus
PAGES: 471-485
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3628
AUTHORS: Asyraf Mohd Bakri, Nur Hamezah Abdul Malik, Norhayati Hussin
PAGES: 486-496
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3629
AUTHORS: Mayasari Abdul Majid, Shamila Mohamed Shuhidan
PAGES: 497-506
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3630
AUTHORS: Amirah binti Hafit, Che Zainab Abdullah
PAGES: 507-514
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3631
AUTHORS: Duratul ‘Afifah Arbani, Che Zainab Abdullah
PAGES: 515-522
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3632
AUTHORS: Mohd Fairuz Mohamad Asroh, Che Zainab Abdullah
PAGES: 523-530
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3633
AUTHORS: Norizan Abdul Ghani, Farah Syazrah Mohd. Ghazalli, Berhanundin Abdullah, Zulkifli Mohd, Anas Mohd. Yunus
PAGES: 531-536
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3634
AUTHORS: Norizan Abdul Ghani, Farah Syazrah Mohd Ghazalli, Berhanundin Abdullah, Wan Mohd Yusof Wan Chik, Lateefah Kasamasu, Nur Hafshah Mohammed
PAGES: 537-545
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3635
AUTHORS: Rizalman Muhammad, Faiz Hakimi Mat Idris, Kamaliah Salleh, Ahmad Zahid Salleh
PAGES: 546-557
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3636
AUTHORS: Shahrizal Mahpol, Omar S.H.S, T.M. Farid T. A. Aziz, Najihah Abd Wahid, Rahimah E, Othman, M.S., Syed Omar, S.M.H, Abdullah, M.S, Fadzli Adam
PAGES: 558-564
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3637
AUTHORS: Hamdan Aziz, Syahrin Said
PAGES: 565-575
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3638
AUTHORS: Mohd Shukri Hanapi, Wan Mohd Khairul Firdaus Wan Khairuldin
PAGES: 576-586
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3639
AUTHORS: Aszunarni Ayob, Ruhizan M. Yasin
PAGES: 587-598
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3640
AUTHORS: Ruhaizan bt Sulaiman@Abd Rahim, Ishak bin Saat
PAGES: 599-606
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3641
AUTHORS: Engku Muhammad Tajuddin Engku Ali, Zulkifli Mohd, Mohammed Muneer’deen Olodo Al-Shafi’i
PAGES: 607-614
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3642
AUTHORS: Salman Amiruddin, Sumayyah Abdul Aziz
PAGES: 615-623
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3643
AUTHORS: Muhamad Zaid Ismail, Nashaat Abdelaziz Abdel Qader Baioumy, Nik Murshidah Nik Din
PAGES: 624-630
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3644
AUTHORS: Mariam Nabilah Mohd Noor, Mohd Shafiee Hamzah
PAGES: 631-639
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3645
AUTHORS: Nur Sakinah Thomas, Vahid Nimehchisalem, Zalina Mohd Kasim, Afida Mohamad Ali, Hakan Gulerce
PAGES: 640-649
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3646
AUTHORS: Jasmin Arif Shah, Siti Raba’ah Hamzah, Turiman Suandi, Ismi Arif Ismail
PAGES: 650-664
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3674
AUTHORS: Aisha Naseer, Kousar Perveen, Muhammad Afzal, Ali Waqas, Syed Amir Gillani
PAGES: 665-673
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3702
AUTHORS: Ateyah Alawneh, Amjad Qwader, Hmood Humaidi Banikahlid
PAGES: 674-690
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3703
AUTHORS: Prof. P. N. Wachege, Florida G. Rugendo
PAGES: 691-711
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3704
AUTHORS: Mohd Khairul Hisyam Hassan, Zaleha Mohd Noor, Normaz Wana Ismail, Alias Radam, Zakariah Abdul Rashid
PAGES: 712-731
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3705
AUTHORS: Mohd Hassan Abdullah, Ahmad Jazimin Jusoh, Syakirah Samsudin
PAGES: 732-749
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3706
AUTHORS: Mohd Hassan Abdullah, Tan Wee Ho
PAGES: 750-760
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3707
AUTHORS: Murat OZTURAN, Beliz ULGEN
PAGES: 761-782
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3708
AUTHORS: Moahamad Ikmal Hamid, Patirah Hanapi, Norhayati Hussin
PAGES: 783-790
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3709
AUTHORS: Nur Azmin Rosli, Nurul Fadhilah Razali, Zurin Umaira Ahmad Zamil, Siti Nur Farhanah Mohd Noor, Mohammad Fazli Baharuddin
PAGES: 791-798
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3710
AUTHORS: Hazremi Hamid, Mad Khir Johari Abdullah Sani
PAGES: 799-808
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3713
AUTHORS: Mohammed Nadeem
PAGES: 809-820
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3714
AUTHORS: A AA
PAGES: 838-858
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3717
AUTHORS: FAWOLE, Temitope Sarah, FASUA, Henry Kehinde
PAGES: 859-873
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3718
AUTHORS: Nor Izzati binti Abdul Ghani, Wan Nor Jazmina binti Wan Ariffin, Ramle bin Abdullah
PAGES: 890-902
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3720
AUTHORS: Kelebogile Mfolwe, Kelebogile Mfolwe
PAGES: 903-914
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3721
AUTHORS: Mahdi A. M. Algahtany
PAGES: 915-933
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3722
AUTHORS: Mohd Farid Asraf Md Hashim, Mohamad Naim Abd Halim
PAGES: 934-943
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3723
AUTHORS: Mohd Shukri Hanapi
PAGES: 944-961
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3724
AUTHORS: Syed Sofian Syed Salim, Mohammad Aziz Shah Mohamed Arip, Muhammad Bazlan Mustafa, Mohd Hanafi Mohd Yasin
PAGES: 962-969
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3726
AUTHORS: Eman AL- Hawari, Mahmoud Nassar
PAGES: 970-978
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3727
AUTHORS: Zaharudin Ibrahim, Tengku Adil Tengku Izhar, Mohd Sazili Shahibi, Ahmad Zam Hariro, Mohd Ridwan Seman@ Kamarulzaman, Mahanem Mat Noor, Shahrul Azman Mohd Noah
PAGES: 979-990
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3728
AUTHORS: Zaharudin Ibrahim, Tengku Adil Tengku Izhar, Mohd Sazili Shahibi, Mohd Ridwan Seman@ Kamarulzaman, Ahmad Zam Hariro
PAGES: 991-1007
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3729
AUTHORS: Zeyun Li, Shaohua Yang, Sharifah Rohayah Sheikh Dawood
PAGES: 1008-1017
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3730
AUTHORS: Md. Shariful Alam Khandakar, Faizuniah Pangil
PAGES: 1018-1028
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3731
AUTHORS: Srishti Chauhan, Kavita Indapurkar
PAGES: 1029-1041
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3732
AUTHORS: Eunice Atieno Agingu
PAGES: 1042-1052
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3733
AUTHORS: Junaidi ., Atem .
PAGES: 1053-1060
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3734
AUTHORS: Kipkoech Sammy Kimutai, Mercy Kwambai
PAGES: 1061-1071
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3735
AUTHORS: Sarmin Sultana, Husna Bt. Johari
PAGES: 1072-1086
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3736
AUTHORS: Nurul Jannah Mohd Juaini, Mutia Sobihah Abd. Halim
PAGES: 1087-1094
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3739
AUTHORS: Ranitha Sachinthana Weerarathna, Dinethi Yasodara Jayarathna, Ann Pintoe
PAGES: 1095-1106
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3740
AUTHORS: Mohd Nazri latiff Azmi, Law Su Hui, Harison @ Hanisa Mohd Sidek
PAGES: 1095-1099
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3741
AUTHORS: Carolina Novi Mustikarini
PAGES: 1100-1110
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3742
AUTHORS: Che Ghani Che Kob, Shangeetavaani Kannapiran, A. Shah, Arasinah .
PAGES: 1111-1128
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3743
AUTHORS: Wasantha Rajapakshe
PAGES: 1129-1144
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3744
AUTHORS: Mahmoud Al-Rdaydeh, Ali Matar, Odai Alghzwai
PAGES: 1145-1155
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3745
AUTHORS: R.W.M.N. Gunasekara, S. P. Premaratne, H. M. S. Priyanath
PAGES: 1156-1167
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3746
AUTHORS: Mazlina Che Mustafa, Abdul Halim Masnan, Azila Alias, Nor Mashitah Mohd Radzi
PAGES: 1168-1171
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3747
AUTHORS: Noorhayati Tompang, Alwi Mohd Yunus
PAGES: 1172-1188
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3749
AUTHORS: Ani Fazliana Dahri, Alwi Mohd Yunus
PAGES: 1189-1199
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3750
AUTHORS: Charly Hongdiyanto
PAGES: 1200-1210
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3751
AUTHORS: Hadi Sunaryo, Nazief Nirwanto, Abdul Manan
PAGES: 1211-1227
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3753
AUTHORS: Azhar bin Md. Sabil, Shamsudin bin Othman, Rozita Radhiah binti Said
PAGES: 1228-1234
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3758
AUTHORS: Abas, Nurul Ain Hidayah, Awang, Marinah
PAGES: 1235-1245
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3759
AUTHORS: Mohd Farhan Abd Rahman, Nurul Hidayah Aziz, Nor Adina Abdul Kadir, NoorFazreen Mohd Aris
PAGES: 1246-1256
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3760
AUTHORS: Mohd Rilizam Rosli, Hussin Salamon, Nasrul Hisyam Nor Muhamad, Abd Halim Zulkifli, Sayed Mahussain Sayed Ahmad
PAGES: 1257-1264
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3761
AUTHORS: Muhd Imran Abd Razak, Rahimin Affandi Abdul Rahim, Mohd Anuar Ramli, Nurul Hidayah Abd Aziz, Muhammad Yusri Yusof @ Salleh
PAGES: 1265-1280
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3762
AUTHORS: Kamarul Ismail, Mohd Hairy Ibrahim, Nor Kalsum Mohd Isa, Mazdi Marzuki
PAGES: 1281-1288
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3763
AUTHORS: Habibah Abdul Wahid, Mohd Anuar Ramli, Muhd Imran Abd Razak, Muhammad Izzul Syahmi Zulkepli
PAGES: 1289-1304
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3767
AUTHORS: Afiqah Salahudin, Mohd Anuar Ramli, Muhammad Izzul Syahmi Zulkepli, Muhd Imran Abd Razak
PAGES: 1305-1315
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3768
AUTHORS: Aliyu Hamza Galadanchi , Lily Julienti Abu Bakar
PAGES: 1316-1325
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3775
AUTHORS: Christina Sudyasjayanti
PAGES: 1326-1335
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3786
AUTHORS: Sanjay Kumar Sah, Vipin Nadda
PAGES: 1336-1348
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3792
AUTHORS: Andrew C. Apeh, Ifeanyi F., Didiugwu
PAGES: 1349-1362
DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/4902